ملخص سكشن الفرقه الثالثه أساسى

Phonetics is a branch of linguistics; it is the scientific study of the characteristics of speech sounds. There are 4 main branches of this science: 1) Articulatory phonetics: is the study of how speech sounds are made or articulated. 2) Acoustic phonetics which deals with the physical properties of speech like sound waves in the air 3) Auditory phonetics deals with the perception via the air of speech sounds. 4) Forensic phonetics: has application in legal cases involving speaker identification and the analysis of recorded utterances. -Articulation: voicing Speech sounds are divided into voiced and voiceless Voiced sounds: there is a vibration in the vocal cords. Voiceless: there is no vibration in the vocal cords. -Organs of speech: Alveolar ridge- tongue- vocal cords- larynx- pharynx- uvula- velum- palate- nasal cavity- teeth- lips. -Sounds are divided into two main categories: -Consonants and vowels. -There 44 sounds in English. -Sounds are described according to place of articulation, manner of articulation and voicing as well as whether the sound is nasal or vocal. What are consonants?- -What are vowels? -Place of articulation : Bilabial- labiodental- dental- interdental- alveolar- alveopalatal- palatal- velar- glottal -Manner of articulation: Stop- fricative- affricate- nasal- approximant- What are pure vowels, diphthongs and triphthongs?